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Cement-burning kiln. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1065597A US1065597A US29827006A US1906298270A US1065597A US 1065597 A US1065597 A US 1065597A US 29827006 A US29827006 A US 29827006A US 1906298270 A US1906298270 A US 1906298270A US 1065597 A US1065597 A US 1065597A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- kiln
- cement
- settling chamber
- burning
- stack
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008933 bodily movement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
Definitions
- My present invention relates to cement burning kilns of the type, wherein a long rotary slightly inclined tubular burner, lined with firebrick, is supplied with pulverized cement material at its upper end, so as to be fed through the burner by reason of its rotation and-inclination, the kiln being heated by one or more streams of burning pulverized fuel, forced into the burner at its lower end by compressedair.
- a kiln of this type is described and claimed in my Patent No. 802,631 dated October 2ttl1,1905.
- My present improvements can be, and preferably are.
- the objects of my present invention are, first, to provide a rotary kiln, whiclrwill 35 eii'ect. very considerable economies in the fuel burned by materially reducing the temperature of the stack gases; and second, to provide a rotary cement kiln in which the loss due to the carrying off of unburned material with the stack gases will be considerably reduced.
- the invention consists in providing the kiln on its interior (for that portion of its length in which the material remains in a pulverulent or granular condition) with projecting ledges. shoulders, or ribs. preferably forming part of the lining. and bv which material from the bottom of the ldad will be carried up the sides and allowed loo to fall off upon the top, thereby presenting all portions of the load successively to the direct heat, and furthermore. the material successively falling upon the top of the load will pass directly through the column of burning fuel or products of combustion, to further economize the heating effect and reduce the temperature of the stack gases: and second, combining with such a kiln, a
- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 11 of Fig. 3, through the upper end of the kiln, showing the settling chamber, Fig. 2, a cross-sectional view on the line E2-2 of Fig. 1, Fig. 3, a horizontal sectional view on the line 3-45 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4c, a vertical section on the line 4%: of Fig.
- the kiln is formed preferably of a shell 1, composed of cast iron sections with a tirea layer 3 of asbestos being preferably interposed between the lining and shell.' as I describe in my said patent.
- This kiln is inclined slightly, and is rotated by any suitable source of power. Any suitable provision is made for heating the kiln in the usual way.
- Projections or shoulders 4: are formed on the interior of the kiln, preferably by extending certain of the firebricks (as shown in Fig. 2) and when this expedient is adopted, these projections are preferably located in a spiral arrangement, as shown in Fig. l. Tt will of course be understood that anyrother projections, shoulders, ribs or ledges may be employed for the purpose.
- the projections 4 are located only in the upper part of the kiln where the temperatures are not excessively high and where the material oecurs in a pulverulent or granular condition, although they might be arranged throughout the entire length of the kiln, if desired.
- the kiln opens into a settling chamber 5, the diameter of which is very much larger than that of the kiln, so as to reduce the velocity of the drat't and permit the fine particles of cement material to settle by gravity.
- the stack 6 preferably having a damper 7 therein for regulating the draft.
- the conveyors 15-15 may be also mounted on the carriage 19, or they may be permanently located in the bottom oil: the settling chamber, in which case a clutch 17 may be employed to connect or disconnect each of the shafts 16 from the conveyers 15 when the carriage is moved toward or away from its operative position.
- a shield or apron 18 may be mounted over the upper edge of the kiln to prevent material from escaping through the joint between the kiln and the settling chamber. I prefer to make use of one or more auxiliary conveyors 15, for returning to the kiln the line particles deposited in the settling chamber, 'iarticularly when the amount.
- a stack provided with V a base having a chamber adapted to receive and to retain matter dropped from the stack, a kiln-tube connected with the base and terminating with its interior portion slightly ,below the chamber thereof, and movable: means for-positively conducting the descending mlitter from the stack-flue directly into said kiln.
- a rotary walls of the bottom ,portion whereof are kiln, a kiln-tube, a stack having abase provided with a chamber, thedownwardly inclined, a conveyer' located in" the bottom of said chamber and terminating in said kiln-tube, the inclined walls of-said chamber adapted to conduct matter dropping from said stack directly to said conveyer and said conveyer adapted to conduct the matter directly into said kiln-tube, substantially as set forth.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
Description
T. A. EDISON. CEMENT BURNING KILN.
APPLICATION FILED JAN. 27, 1906.
1 ()6 5. 5 97 Patented J une 24,1913.
2 SHEETSSHEET 1.
maps:
4 madam myflwjej" 0 J52 Z W Mu): W O f M (mm/Me -75 Mi T. AfEDISON. CEMENT BURNING KILN. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 257, 1906.
Patented June 24, 1913.
2 SHEETS-"SHEET 2.
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UNITE ail" THOMAS A. EDISON, 0F LLEWELLYN PARK, ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.
CEMENT-BURNING KILN'.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS ALvA EDISON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Llewellyn Park, Orange, county of Essex, and State of New J crsey, have invented certain Improvements in Cement -Burning Kilns, of which the following is a description.
My present invention relates to cement burning kilns of the type, wherein a long rotary slightly inclined tubular burner, lined with firebrick, is supplied with pulverized cement material at its upper end, so as to be fed through the burner by reason of its rotation and-inclination, the kiln being heated by one or more streams of burning pulverized fuel, forced into the burner at its lower end by compressedair. A kiln of this type is described and claimed in my Patent No. 802,631 dated October 2ttl1,1905. W'ith kilns of the type referred to, considerable heat is lost in the exit gases which pass up the stack at a high temperature, since the material occupies but a small part of the interior of the kiln and the opportunity of abstracting heat from the burning fuel and products of combustion and decomposition is comparatively limited. Furthermore, with present cement kilns, the bore of the tubular burner is relatively smooth, so that the rotation carries the ma terial for only a short distance up the sides, whereupon the material slides down again and slightly forward, due to the inclination of the kiln, in this way progressing slowly throughout the length thereof. In these operations the load of material while still in its pulverulent condition, undergoes very little bodily change, the upper portions re' ceiving an undue proportion of the heating effect and the inner and bottom portions of the mass being heated largely by conduction and by radiation from the kiln walls. Obviously, the material would be much more perfectly heated and with higher fuel economy, if the load of material were kept in bodily movement. so as to present all portions thereof to the direct heat of the burning fuel. As I have pointed out. in my patent above referred to, as one of the on jects of the invention therein claimed, a very marked economy in fuel burned can be effected by materially increasing the length of the'kiln, and I have suggested in that patent the use of a kiln upward of 100 feet in length, as distinguished from the Specification of Letters Patent.
Application filed January 27, 1906. Serial No. 298,270.
Patented Jame 24,1913.
prior kilns, which were generally of a stand;
ard length of sixty feet. My present improvements can be, and preferably are.
used with very long kilns, as suggested 1n my said patent, but they are not limitedto' such use and may be e'fiectively employed with rotary kilns of any desired length.
In the operation of rotary kilns a considerable loss of material occurs, irrespective of 65,
the length of the burner, due to the fact'that the rapid draft of the products of combustion and chemical decomposition through the kiln carries more or less of the very light unburned material up through the stack and the material thus lost slowly settles in all directions around the kiln house. It is important that this loss of material should be overcome. In my said patent, I
reduce the loss of material from this source 7 by introducing the material within the kiln by means of a conveyer arranged close to the bottom of the kiln, and which packs the material therein in successive increments,so
as to withdraw the material as much as pos- 30 sible from the effects of the draft, but nevertheless, even when this expedient is resorted to, an objectionable loss is incurred.
The objects of my present invention are, first, to provide a rotary kiln, whiclrwill 35 eii'ect. very considerable economies in the fuel burned by materially reducing the temperature of the stack gases; and second, to provide a rotary cement kiln in which the loss due to the carrying off of unburned material with the stack gases will be considerably reduced.
To this end, the invention consists in providing the kiln on its interior (for that portion of its length in which the material remains in a pulverulent or granular condition) with projecting ledges. shoulders, or ribs. preferably forming part of the lining. and bv which material from the bottom of the ldad will be carried up the sides and allowed loo to fall off upon the top, thereby presenting all portions of the load successively to the direct heat, and furthermore. the material successively falling upon the top of the load will pass directly through the column of burning fuel or products of combustion, to further economize the heating effect and reduce the temperature of the stack gases: and second, combining with such a kiln, a
settling chamber into which the upper end V of the kiln leads, and of such a size as to reduce the velocity of the draft to a sufiicient I at brick lining 2,
extentas to permit any material carried out of the kiln by the draft to be deposited by gravity in said settling chamber and be returned to the kiln for burning therein by gravity, or by appropriate feeding mechanism.
I am aware that it has been heretofore proposed to form a. kiln on more or less of the length of its interior with projecting ribs or shoulders tor the purpose of increasing the area of material presented to the i roduets of combustion. but it such an expedient were alone relied upon, the very much greater loss in material carried out of the stack would more than offset any advantage secured in the way of economy of fuel burned. By combining the kiln with a settling chamber, as I now propose, l secure the increased economy in fuel burned, while at the same time I prevent loss, due to the carrying of any of the material out. of the kiln with the escaping gases' In order that the invention may be better understood, attention is directed to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and in which Figure 1, is a longitudinal sectional view on the line 11 of Fig. 3, through the upper end of the kiln, showing the settling chamber, Fig. 2, a cross-sectional view on the line E2-2 of Fig. 1, Fig. 3, a horizontal sectional view on the line 3-45 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4c, a vertical section on the line 4%: of Fig.
In all of the above views, corresponding parts are represented by the same numerals of reference.
The kiln is formed preferably of a shell 1, composed of cast iron sections with a tirea layer 3 of asbestos being preferably interposed between the lining and shell.' as I describe in my said patent. This kiln is inclined slightly, and is rotated by any suitable source of power. Any suitable provision is made for heating the kiln in the usual way. Projections or shoulders 4: are formed on the interior of the kiln, preferably by extending certain of the firebricks (as shown in Fig. 2) and when this expedient is adopted, these projections are preferably located in a spiral arrangement, as shown in Fig. l. Tt will of course be understood that anyrother projections, shoulders, ribs or ledges may be employed for the purpose. Preferably, the projections 4 are located only in the upper part of the kiln where the temperatures are not excessively high and where the material oecurs in a pulverulent or granular condition, although they might be arranged throughout the entire length of the kiln, if desired. At its upper end, the kiln opens into a settling chamber 5, the diameter of which is very much larger than that of the kiln, so as to reduce the velocity of the drat't and permit the fine particles of cement material to settle by gravity. From the upper part of the settling chamber leads the stack 6, preferably having a damper 7 therein for regulating the draft.
The cement material is fed to the upper end of the kiln by a conveyor 8, the barrel f) of which is connected to a trough 10, and above the latter is mounted a bin 11, containing the material, as I describe in my said patent. The conveyor 8 is mounted on a carriage 12, so that it may be withdrawn 'l'rom the upper end of the kiln tor any purpose. Raid conveyefis (merated by a shaft 15-3. The bottom of the settling chamber 5 is preferably formed with a double hopper it. in which are mounted on opposite sides of the conveyer 8, two conveyors 15-15, leading also into the upper end of the kiln. and (merated by shatts it), connected by gearing as shown (Fig. 3) with the shaft- 13. If desired, the conveyors 15-15 may be also mounted on the carriage 19, or they may be permanently located in the bottom oil: the settling chamber, in which case a clutch 17 may be employed to connect or disconnect each of the shafts 16 from the conveyers 15 when the carriage is moved toward or away from its operative position. if desired, a shield or apron 18 may be mounted over the upper edge of the kiln to prevent material from escaping through the joint between the kiln and the settling chamber. I prefer to make use of one or more auxiliary conveyors 15, for returning to the kiln the line particles deposited in the settling chamber, 'iarticularly when the amount. of material burned is great, necessitating a very rapid draft and incurring the carrying into the settling chamber of considerable quantities of tine material. It will be mulerstood, however, that this return of the material deposited in the settling chamber may be ctl'ected by the same conveyer 8 that feeds the main body of cement material, or that such return may be secured by gravity. Tn operation, the pres ence of the projections, shelves, or ledges 4. within the. kiln, will carry up material from the bottom of the load (as shown graphically in Fig. 2) and let it fall upon the top of the load, so as to pass through the column ot escaping combustion gase and absorb heat from the latter. The turning over of the load of material in this way also results in all portions of it being subjected to the direct ellecls ot the heat, so that an additional economy for this reason will result.
Of course. this operation would result in a,
larger amount of the line parti les being carried out by the draft than with the ordinary kilns, but by cmp|oyin the settling chamber 5, practically all ol' the material withdrawn l'rom the kiln by the draft. will settle by gravity, owing to the retardation in the s cod ot' the esca )in ases and the llt) material thus separated will deposit in the bottom of the settling chamberand be re turnedto the kiln.
Having now described my invention, What I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:
1. In cement burning apparatus, the combination with a rotary kiln, of a settling chamber with which the upper end of the kiln connects, a hopper in said settling chamber, a conveyer running from the bottom of the hopper to the bore of the kiln for returning to the kiln the material deposited by the settling chamber, a main conveyer outside of the hopper and leading. into the kiln for feeding material thereto, and means. for adjusting the position of the main conveyer, substantially as set forth.
2. In a rotary kiln, a stack provided with V a base having a chamber adapted to receive and to retain matter dropped from the stack, a kiln-tube connected with the base and terminating with its interior portion slightly ,below the chamber thereof, and movable: means for-positively conducting the descending mlitter from the stack-flue directly into said kiln. 3. In a rotary walls of the bottom ,portion whereof are kiln, a kiln-tube, a stack having abase provided with a chamber, thedownwardly inclined, a conveyer' located in" the bottom of said chamber and terminating in said kiln-tube, the inclined walls of-said chamber adapted to conduct matter dropping from said stack directly to said conveyer and said conveyer adapted to conduct the matter directly into said kiln-tube, substantially as set forth.
This specification signed and witnessed this 24th day of January 1906. a
THOMAS A. EDISON Witnesses:
FRANK L. DYER, ANNA R.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US29827006A US1065597A (en) | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Cement-burning kiln. |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US29827006A US1065597A (en) | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Cement-burning kiln. |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2549787A (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | John B Dube | Calcining kiln |
| DE869468C (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Karl Albert | Rotary drum for heat and cold treatment of pourable goods |
| US3343824A (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Harbison Walker Refractories | Rotary kiln |
| US4475886A (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Lifter for rotary kiln |
-
1906
- 2025-08-04 US US29827006A patent/US1065597A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2549787A (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | John B Dube | Calcining kiln |
| DE869468C (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Karl Albert | Rotary drum for heat and cold treatment of pourable goods |
| US3343824A (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Harbison Walker Refractories | Rotary kiln |
| US4475886A (en) * | 2025-08-04 | 2025-08-04 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Lifter for rotary kiln |
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