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Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
  • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
  • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
  • H05K1/02—Details
  • H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
  • H05K1/0216—Reduction of cross-talk, noise or electromagnetic interference
  • H05K1/023—Reduction of cross-talk, noise or electromagnetic interference using auxiliary mounted passive components or auxiliary substances
  • H05K1/0231—Capacitors or dielectric substances

Definitions

• This invention relates to a method of equalizing the tension or pressure of the current through an entire system of electric-lighting or other translation of electric force, preventing what is ordinarily known as a drop in those portions of the system the more remote from the central station, and also to other features in systems for the utilization of electricity, as hereinafter explained.
• feeding-conductors which extend from thegcnerator or generators to the main conductors of the lamp or consumption circuit or circuits, such feeding-conductors not having any translating devices connected therewith, and being connected with the main conductors of the consumption cirI cuit or circuits at the center, ends, or otherV points on such main conductors. From a central station several sets of such feeding-conductors may run, each set feeding into its own lamp or consumption-circuit or all the sets feeding into a connected system of lamp4 or consumption circuits.
• the drop upon the feeding-conductors has no effect upon the relative candle-power of the lamps of the system, the relative candle-power of the lamps being ale'cted only by the drop upon the main conductors of the consumption circuit or circuits between the end of a set of feeding-conductors and points most distant from any feeding-conductors.
• the main conductors of' the consumption circuit or circuits should be so proportioned that the drop in tension upon them shall not exceed a definite small limitfor example, fire per cent. This drop will make a difference of less than acandle-power in all the sixteen-candle-power lamps of the system, which difference is not perceptible to the eye.
• any loss can he made. This loss will be varied according to localities and the relative cost of copper for conducting purposes and horse-power for generation. This loss upon the feeding-conductors in large and extended systems will generally be greater than upon the main conductors of the consumption circuit or circuits. Itinaybe, for example, about fifteen percent.; butcircumstances might make it desirable to diminish the loss upon the feeding-conductors down even as low as that upon the main conductors of the consumption circuit or circuits, or to increase the loss upon the .feeders to more than fifteen per cent.
• central stations are used in a city, each having feedingconductors leadingr to lamp-circuit conductors ot' the description before noted, it may be advisable to connect; the feedingcircuits of all the stations, equalizing the tension or pressure throughout; the entire system of the place where the central stations are located.
• Figure 1 illustrates a plan wherein the conductors are made larger at their home ends, gradually tapering to the outer end of the system. W'here such plan is used it is prelerable to malte the conductor a compound one, comV posed of several single wires of different lengths, one or two of which extend the whole length of the conductor, others ending at va rions points, as shown in Fig. 1". Ihese wires are not insulated, but merely grouped in a hunch, which have transverse fastenings at intervals, or which may be fastened together by branch conductors passing' around where connections are formed, as shown in Fig. l. It is preferable to form all conductors which vary insize, decreasing from some pointjn this manner, and itis to be understood in subsequent descriptions that all such conductors are so made.
• feeding-conductors l 2 lead from central station C S, connecting with the lampcircuit 3 4 at about its center, the conductors of the lanipeircuit being largest at that point, and also of slightly larger capacity at that point than the feeding-conductors. 3y this arrangement most of the fall of pressure or drop in tension takes place in the feeding-cin cuit, so that it cannot affect any lamps, while the drop in the lamp-circuit is reduced very low, as before explained, the drop from the center of thelamp-circuit to either terminal being only about one-fourth what the drop would be from y to z if either end were connected directly to the central station. Any desired number of lamp-circuits may be so arranged, each having its proper feeding-conductors, two so arranged being shown in Fifn3.
• Fig. 6 In Fig. 6 is shown direct or main feeding circuits 1 2 and 5 6 with lamp-circuits 3 4 and 9 10 with branch feeders 7 8, 15 16, and 21 22 leading into side streets, supplying lamp-circuits 17 18, 19 20, 23 24, and 25 26, the branch feeders being derived circuits from the main feeders, all constituting a multiple-arc systetn.
• feeding-mains 1 2 connect to the center of the lamp-circuit 3 4, while feeders 5 6, leading to a greaterdistance and toal circuit when comparatively few lamps are required, connects to the end of lamp-circuit 9 l0, whose conductors graduallytaper-from the point of connection.
• This arrangement is sometimes desirable in sparsely-settled localities, as iuvolving economy in the laying of conductors.
• Fig. 8 isA shown feeding-conductors 1 2, from which lead housefeeders a) b, which connect to lamp-circuits a b', which are of same description as circuit 3 4, Fig. 2.
• Fig. 9 shows a seriesof houses or buildings, c d c f, to each of which leads a feeding-circuit of insulated conductor, the lamp-circuit of each house being thereby put in direct connection with the central station C S, the tension of the current in any one lamp-circuit not being a-ffected by the others.
• Fig. 10 are two blocks of buildings, A and B, composed each of several houses, h hh, separate feeding-circuits l 2 and 3 4 leading to branch feeding-circuits, from which lamp-circuits lead into each house, each house or lampcircuit being provided with its own connection and meter.
• Fig. 11 shows a seriesof central stations, C S, from each of which lead main feeding-circuits M, which may be of any desired number,
• the lamp-circuit L C is fed by a number of feeding-circuits, connecting thereto ou opposite sides, alternately l 2, 3 4, and 5 G, forming three feeding-circuits, by which arrangement a comparatively uniform force or pressure may be maintained throughout the entire system.
• What I claim is- IZS l.
• a consumption-circuit in the main conductors of which the drop in tension is not sufficient to vary practically the candle-power of the lamps connected therewith, in combination with feeding-conductors.connecting the consumption-circuit with the source of electrical energy, and 'having no translating devices connected therewith, thedrop ih tension upon such feeding-conductors not atleet-ing the relative candle-power of the lamps of the consumptioncircuit, substantially as set forth.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

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  • US US264642D patent/US264642A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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